There are many problems in tort action for medical malpractice which mostly exist in allocating burden of proof. 医疗侵权诉讼的许多问题突出反映在证明责任分配之中。
Testification in self-incriminating criminal cases include testification responsibility distribution and testification standards. 摘要刑事自诉案件的证明问题包含证明责任分配和证明标准两个问题。