Newer technologies, such as epidural injections and pain pumps, had rather high rates of dissatisfaction. 较新的技术如硬膜外注射和镇痛泵具有较高的不满足率。
Modalities with a potential for infection, such as pain pumps, were relatively shunned by total joint replacement surgeons and spine surgeons. 关节置换和脊柱外科医生尽量避免使用具有潜在感染的方法如镇痛泵等。