In short, the theory of heat undergirds all of modern physical science. 总之,热力学理论加固了所有现代物理科学的基础。
For these cases, Onsager and others formulated a theory of nonequilibrium thermodynamics and showed that the second law continues to hold. 针对这类状况,昂萨格等人提出了非平衡热力学理论,并证明热力学第二定律依然有效。