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- To subject(a bacterial cell) to transformation. 转变使（一个细菌细胞）发生转化
- A bacterial cell into which genetic material has been transduced. 转导体基因材料转导后形成的细菌细胞
- Shrinkage or contraction of the protoplasm away from the wall of a living plant or bacterial cell, caused by loss of water through osmosis. 胞质皱缩通过渗透作用由于缺水引起的活植细胞或细菌的细胞质的皱缩或收缩，并与细胞壁分离
- The living material of a plant or bacterial cell, including the protoplasm and plasma membrane after the cell wall has been removed. 原生质体植物细胞或细菌细胞的有生命的部分，包括原生质和去掉细胞壁后的质膜
- The bacterial cells are rendered competent. 使细菌细胞变成感受态。
- Transfer of genetic material or characteristics from one bacterial cell to another by a bacteriophage or plasmid. 转导作用通过噬菌或质料把基因材料或特征从一种病菌细胞转到另一种病菌细胞。
- A toxin produced by certain bacteria and released upon destruction of the bacterial cell. 内毒素由某些特定细菌产生并在该细菌细胞裂变时释放出来的一种毒素
- In transduction genetic material is transferred from one bacterial cell to another by a phage vector. 在转导中遗传物质从一个细菌细胞传给另一个细菌细胞是从噬菌体为媒介的。t
- Archaean cell walls lack murein, a common component of bacterial cell walls, and their lipids have ether links rather than ester links. 古细菌的细胞壁缺乏细菌细胞壁组成的普遍物质-胞壁质，其连接是醚连接而不是酯连接。
- How do antibiotics kill bacterial cells but not human cells? 抗生素为何只杀死细菌，而不会杀死人类细胞？
- About 30 minutes after infection the bacterial cell lyses and the phage particles are released. 侵染后约30分钟,细菌细胞裂解,释放出噬菌体颗粒。
- To transfer(genetic material or characteristics)from one bacterial cell to another.Used of a bacteriophage or plasmid. 转导把（基因材料或特征）从一种细菌胞转到另一种细菌上。用于噬菌体或质料
- About 30 minutes after infection the bacterial cell breaks open(lyses)and the phage particles are released. 侵染后约30分钟，细菌细胞裂解，释放出噬菌体颗粒。
- Salt acts by the osmotic effect of extracting water from the bacterial cell fluid. 盐起了渗透的作用,它把细菌细胞液的水分吸掉。
- Alteration of a bacterial cell by introduction of DNA from another cell or from a virus. 通过引入一个细胞或一个病毒的DNA（脱氧核糖核酸）而改变另一个细胞或病素
- Fosfomycin functions by inactivating an essential enzyme involved in the formation of the bacterial cell wall. 它的作用机理是通过抑制参与细菌细胞壁的形成的酶而起到杀菌作用。
- The structure of chitin is similar to that of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan. 几丁质的结构和细菌细胞壁肽聚糖的结构相似.
- A convoluted invagination of the cytoplasmic membrane in some bacterial cells. 中间体某些细菌细胞中细胞质膜的回旋内陷
- Unfortunately, hypochlorite damages not just bacterial cells, but ours as well. 不幸的是，次氯酸钠破坏的不仅仅是细菌，也包括人体细胞。
- Bacteroid A modified bacterial cell in a root nodule, typically a cell of the bacterium Rhizobium in the root nudule of a leguminous plant (family Fabaceae). 类细菌：在根瘤中经过修饰的细菌细胞，比较典型的是在豆科植物根瘤中的根瘤菌（蝶形花科）。
