Loss of apex fish species leads to rises in the numbers of small prey fish, which results in fewer zooplankton (the food of the small fish) and, consequently, even more phytoplankton.

• 失去了位于食物链顶端的物种，较小型被捕食鱼种数目就会增加，导致牠们摄食的浮游动物变少，结果让浮游植物益加生长。