In the end of Epipleistocene, conifer forest dominated by spruce and fir, reflected periglacial climate, distributed throughout northeast China, when Korean pine was forced to migrate to Korean Peninsula to take refuge.

• 第四纪晚更新世晚期，东北地区的森林类型是以云冷杉占优势的代表冰缘气候的暗针叶林，此时，红松移至长白山南侧和朝鲜半岛一带避难。