However, the realitiy is that the private provision of public goods causes free-riding and the tragedy of the commons in P2P networks.

• P2P网络是基于节点愿意共享资源这一基本假设的，但实际情况是P2P网络这种公共物品的私人提供导致了P2P网络中存在着free-riding问题和公共物品的悲哀问题。