American writer, philosopher, and central figure of American transcendentalism. His poems, orations, and especially his essays, such as Nature(1836), are regarded as landmarks in the development of American thought and literary expression.

• 爱默生，拉尔夫·沃尔朵1803－1882美国作家、哲学家和美国超越主义的中心人物。其诗歌、演说，特别是他的论文，例如自然（1836年），被认为是美国思想与文学表达发展的里程碑