American physician and Arctic explorer who announced that he had reached the North Pole in1908, a claim that was rejected by the scientific community.

• 库克，詹姆斯1728－1779英国航海家和探险家，曾三次率领地理发现大航行，并为太平洋中许多岛屿绘图并命名，他还曾沿北美洲海岸向北航行直至白令海峡