The author analyzes the instrumental view on this topic firstly, and then points out its limitations with regard to both the theoretical standpoint and methodology. 作者分析了工具性观点论者在这一问题上的立场，指出其观点在立足点和方法论上的缺陷。
Both of them understand the eco-ethics externally.This makes the eco-ethics be instrumental and deviate from the aim of humankind, or even enslave them. 二者对生态伦理都做了外在化的理解，使生态伦理脱离人的内在目的或者成为工具性存在，或者成为奴役人的存在。
