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- The key development of the access pricing theory is embodied in three theories: TELRIC/TSLRIC, efficient component pricing rule(ECPR) and global price caps(GPC). 接入价格理论的发展主要体现在三个理论之中,即以全部长期增量成本为基础的定价、有效成分定价规则以及整体价格上限法。
- global price cap 总体最高限价
- Hence, this paper introduced a new price cap setting method, which adjust price cap automatically with supply-demand relationship and evaluation index of market power. 为此,本文提出一种新的市场限价设置方法,能够根据市场供需关系变化和市场力评估指标自动调整。
- For the foreseeable future, the Russian economy is likely to rely on energy exports and the global price of oil. 在可预见的未来,俄罗斯经济很可能继续依赖能源出口并受到国际原油价格的影响。
- Price caps can also discourage investment and innovation. 价格封顶也会阻碍投资和创新。
- In the regulation practice of natural monopoly industry,the western countries have adopted various incentive regulation forms,such as price cap regulation,social contract system,franchise bidding regulation and yardstick competition regulation. 西方国家在自然垄断产业的规制实践中,采用了多种多样的激励性规制形式,如价格上限规制、社会契约制度、特许投标规制、标尺竞争规制等。
- Those with commodities to sell suffer from the vagaries of global prices. 而那些需要出售日用品遭受反复无常的全球价格的困扰。
- Firstly, the paper performs a pharmaceuticals price regulation model after analyzing applicability of Rate of Return and Price Cap regulation models and introducing pharmacoeconomics indexes. 第一,通过结合投资回报率和价格上限规制模型,引入药物经济学评价指标,建立了中国的药品价格规制模型。
- Opening a UN conference in the Ghana, capital Accra, he said if they were not properly handled, global price rises could harm growth and security, and set back efforts to reduce poverty. 在加纳首都阿克拉召开了一次联合国,如果不妥善处理这些警告,全球价格上涨可能危及经济增长和经济安全,并且减缓削弱贫困的努力。
- But its effect on global prices over the past year (when rich-world inflation took off) is easily overstated. 但是在过去(发达国家通胀开始起飞)这种影响被轻易的高估了。
- Price cap regulation in electricity market 电力市场中的价格上限管制
- Exhorting firms to pump harder, while a useful political gesture, is unlikely to make much difference to global prices. 布朗敦促企业大力提高油气产量的举动,只不过是一种有效的政治姿态,但不可能对全球油价产生深远影响。
- Setting reasonable price cap in electricity market 电力市场合理价格上限之确定
- Artificially cheap prices, they said, encouraged households and firms to guzzle more oil, pushing global prices higher. 他们认为,人为降低汽油价格是鼓励家庭和公司抢购汽油的行为,此举必将使得全球油价飙升更高。
- incentive-based price cap mechanism 价格帽激励机制
- All these factors suggest that policy makers might have trouble preventing Chinese steel exports from undercutting global prices. 中国已经是世界最大的钢铁生产国,但它的钢铁产量还在增加,这种发展趋势使中国政府和全球钢铁业感到担忧。
- Governments seeking to shield their citizens with subsidies or price caps should instead expose them to the full cost to foster frugality. 政府不应该为了保护公民而提供津贴或者限价,相反应该让公民直接去承受全部成本以培养节俭的习惯。
- The likely fall in steel exports from other countries into China does not look all that great but it promises to be enough to influence global pricing trends. 其它国家对华钢铁出口可能下降,虽然降幅看上去不会如此之大,但看来足以影响全球定价趋势。
- The Bush administration says artificial price caps would just make conditions worse. 而布什政府则说人为的价格封顶只会使形势恶化。
- China’s main cities are beginning to face growing fuel shortages as oil companies cut supply into the fixed-price local market in response to sky-rocketing global prices. 随着国际价格飙升,石油公司减少对价格固定的本土市场的供应,中国主要城市的燃料供应趋紧。