de Crespigny, Rafe. Generals of the South: The Foundation and Early History of the Three Kingdoms State of Wu. Canberra: Faculty of Asian Studies, Australian National University, 1990.

• 赤壁之战，曹操自负轻敌，指挥失误，加之水军不强，终致战败。孙权、刘备在强敌面前，冷静分析形势，结盟抗战，扬水战之长，巧用火攻，创造了中国军事史上以弱胜强的著名战例。