damaging effects

• 有害作用

damaging effects的用法和样例：

例句

1. The harmful effects of caffeine had long been documented in textbooks.
   咖啡因的有害作用早已见诸教科书。
2. Drug Toxicology is the study of the toxic effects and its underlying mechanisms of drugs on living organisms.
   药物毒理学是一门研究药物对生命有机体有害作用及其机制的科学。