Spengler observes the problem of the West civilization in philosophy of history. 斯賓格勒在歷史哲學的發展過程中第一次敲響了西方文明的警鐘。
In Kant's philosophy of history teleology is a nuclear idea used by Kant to appercept his philosophy of history. 摘要目的論是康德歷史哲學中的一個核心理念,康德是用這一理念來統貫自己的歷史哲學。