Endovascular embolization followed by surgery was a better method in treatment of the fistalae fed by meningeal branches of the internal carotid artery and vertebral artery. 對頸內動脈和椎動脈腦膜支參與供血者，則以血管內栓塞結合手術治療為宜。
Recanalization of internal carotid artery dissection by stent-assisted angioplasty has recently been proposed when anticoagulation fails to preent a new ischemic eent. 當抗凝治療預防新發缺血事件失敗，依靠支架輔助血管成形術的頸內動脈再通最近被提倡。
