All patients were diagnosed through two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography or cardioangiography.Primary correction was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass on all patients. 全部病例術前均行二維超聲心動圖或心導管造影檢查確診，均在體外循環下行根治性手術。
A number of studies in bypass patients have suggested that it involves the so-called incretin pathway that is now the target for several new diabetes drugs. 一些研究在體外循環病人認為，它涉及到所謂的腸通路，現在的目標幾項新的糖尿病藥物。
