邁爾，尤里烏斯·羅伯特·馮1814－1878德國物理學家，為熱力學研究作出很大貢獻
German physicist noted for his contributions to the understanding of thermodynamics.
變化，變異相律提供的，要求詳述某一系統的平衡狀態的熱力學變數數目，如溫度和壓力
The number of thermodynamic variables, such as temperature and pressure, required to specify a state of equilibrium of a system, given by the phase rule.
焦耳，詹姆斯·普雷斯科特1818－1889英國物理學家，為熱量機械理論奠定基礎，並發現了熱力學第一定律
British physicist who established the mechanical theory of heat and discovered the first law of thermodynamics.
