Working out a rigorous foundation for calculus occupied mathematicians for much of the century following Newton and Leibniz and is still to some extent an active area of research today.

• 在数学，基础指的是严格的发展主题明确的公理和定义。工作进行了严格的基础数学演算的大部分被占领的世纪牛顿和莱布尼兹和仍然在一定程度上活跃的研究领域今天。