Widely used Direct Digital Controllers(DDC) and integrated Building Management Systems(BMS) improve the measurement and monitoring of air conditioning systems. They also provide sufficient information for supervisory optimal control at the system level.

• 应用日见广泛的直接数字控制器及集成楼宇控制系统(BMS)大大地提高了空调系统的检测及监控,这也为空调系统在系统层次上的优化控制奠定了基础。