When cancer is viewed as a chromosomal disease, carcinogens, rare genetic syndromes and accidental mitotic errors can initiate carcinogenesis by inducing random aneuploidies.

• 如果将癌症视为染色体疾病，那麽致癌物质、罕见遗传病症以及有丝分裂的意外出错，都会经由随机造成的非整倍体而促使癌症发生。