WaMu and Wachovia, now part of Wells Fargo (WFC, Fortune 500), helped stoke the housing bubble by issuing tens of billions of dollars of so-called option adjustable rate mortgages.

• 互惠银行和现已并入富国银行（WFC，财富500强）的美联银行两家都曾发行了价值上百亿美元的所谓的选择性可调整利率房贷，为房地产市场泡沫的扩展添足了燃料。