Vertical restraints are general practice in the marketing, especially in construction of channel which contain resale price maintenance, exclusive territories, exclusive dealing and tying.

• 纵向限制措施是企业在市场实践,尤其是企业的渠道建设中广泛采取的对下游企业的各种限制性做法的总称,包括转售价格维持,区域市场圈定等。