Utilitarianists hold justice is efficiency, Rawls thinks justice is equity, Nozick considers justice is the right of individuals, and in Macintyre justice is just the virtue.

• 功利主义者认为正义是效用,罗尔斯认为正义是公平,诺齐克认为正义是个人权利,麦金太尔认为正义是美德。