Transplantation offers the only effective treatment for the severest forms of HF, which affect about six per cent of patients, but the shortage of donor hearts has led to a search for alternatives.

• 心脏移植对最严重的心力衰竭患者提供了唯一的有效治疗措施，而这些最严重的心力衰竭只占病人总数的6%25，但是器官来源的缺乏导致必须寻找替代途径。