These theoretical explorations reflect the points and approaches of western scholars for a long time, not only a juicy in an academic view, but helpfully for us to understand the faction politics.

• 这些有关政党派系的理论探讨，主要反映出西方学者长期以来的研究重点与途径，不仅在学术上相当具有参考价值，对于我们理解派系政治亦有相当大的助益。