These include age older than 50 years, symptom duration less than 6 months, weight loss, nocturnal symptoms, family history of colon cancer, rectal bleeding, anemia, and recent antibiotic usage.

• 这些包括：年龄大于50岁、症状持续（少于6个月）、体重减轻、夜间发作、结肠癌家族史、直肠出血、贫血和近期抗生素使用。