Their messy, recursive field of causality, of every part being both cause and effect, makes it difficult for any part of the system to make routine linear extrapolations into the future.

• 它们所具有的那种混乱的、递归式的因果关系，各个部分之间互为因果既因又果的因果关系，使得系统中的任何一个部分都难以按照线性的方式去推断其未来的行为。