The surface ground subsidence caused by tunnel excavation is a high nonlinear course of self-organization.It is formed by disordered rock mass self-organization.

• 摘要隧道开挖引起的地面沉陷是由于隧道开挖在地下形成空洞，受扰动岩体通过自组织在地面形成的一种损害形式，其形成过程具有高度非线性。