The strictness is expressed as selective incapacitation, three strikes act and truth-in sentencing, and the leniency is expressed as intermediate sanction and mandatory parole.

• 在严厉方面表现为选择性无害化的提出、三振出局法的出台以及实际刑运动的兴起等;在宽缓方面主要表现为中间制裁和强制假释。