The running conditions,appliances and running costs of the Shinkanson,TGV and ICE are compared from the point of EMU mode and locomotive traction mode. And the technological trend of these trains is described.

• 从电动车组方式和机车牵引方式的角度，就新干线、TGV和ICE的运行状况、装置、运行成本进行了比较，并对这些列车的技术动向作了介绍。