The great exception has been in times of duress, when a standard is needed to rally their fractious tribes and sub-tribes: then they have tended to hoist the flag of jihad.

• 很大的例外是发生在受压迫时代，但是亟需一个标准来整合他们的喜怒无常的部族和亚族：然后他们往往高举圣战（jihad）大旗。