The four trans-boundary rivers (The Rhine and The Danube in Europe, The La Plata in South America and The Mekong in Southeast Asia)were exemplified to describe the modern monitoring methodologies.

• 以4条跨界河流[欧洲的莱茵河(Rhine)和多瑙河(Danube)、南美的拉普拉塔河(La Plata)、东南亚的湄公河(Mekong)]为例阐述了现代意义的监测方法学。