The LSM powders after dried and sintered at suitable temperatures were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning, and transmission electron microscopes (SEM and TEM).

• 文中利用X光绕射仪进行LSM粉末之相鑑定。微结构方面利用扫瞄及穿透式电子显微镜(SEM&TEM)进行观察和量测。