Since then, the judge has enjoyed the power of trial and investigation and the criminal suspect has been subjected to the judge, without any procedural rights in the criminal proceedings.

• 纠问式侦讯程序中法官集审、讯一体，讯问机关拥有超强的权力而犯罪嫌疑人处于诉讼客体的地位，不享有诉讼权利。