RNA interference (RNAi) is the process of sequence-specific gene silencing, initiated by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) that is homologous in sequence to the target gene.

• 由乙型肝炎病毒（Hepatitis B virus, HBV）感染引起的慢性乙型肝炎是严重危害人类健康的疾病，其主要危害在于HBV感染造成的慢性持续性感染易引起肝硬化，并与肝细胞肝癌（Hepatocellular carcinoma， HCC）的发生密切相关。