Perioperative serum creatinine, electrolytes, blood gas, and a follow-up excretory urogram, cystogram, and pathological examination were used to assess the surgical outcome.

• 手术前后的血清肌酸酐、电解质、动脉血气体分析以及追踪时取得肾盂摄影、膀胱摄影、病理检查来评估手术的结果。