Percentages of stemflow and throughfall in total water applied are affected by crop species, canopy characteristics, plant density, sprinkler irrigation system, field topography and microclimate.

• 以不同方式进入土壤中的水全与作物的种类、冠层结构、种植密度，以及喷灌系统和喷灌时的农田小气候等因素有关。