PARTICIPANTS:All the cases were collected from April 2000 to April 2002 while the writer was working in Swaziland. Thirty three children with ADHD were in accordance with the symptomatic diagnostic standards of American DSM IV.No control was selected.

• 对象:全部病例均为2000-04/2002-04作者在瑞士工作期间治疗,诊断标准符合美国DSM-IV症状诊断标准的33例儿童注意力缺陷多动症患儿,未选择对照组。