Napoleon soon realized he could not feed, clothe, and quarter his army in Moscow during the winter. In October1812, he ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow.

• 拿破仑很快意识到，他无法在冬天向远在莫斯科的军队供应粮草、供御寒衣物和宿营之地。1812年10月，他命令大军撤出莫斯科。