Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to survey 1027 primary school teachers in Yiwu, and medical examination was conducted with laryngoscopy and gastroscopy.

• 方法对义乌市城区及农村部分小学教师采用自制的“小学教师嗓音保健调查表”进行问卷调查及耳鼻咽喉专科检查。