Methods 96 patients of permanent atrial fibrillation were divided into three groups: diogoxin, betaloc and verapamil group and were observed the rest and exercise ventricular rate.

• 方法选择永久性快速型心房纤颤患者96例,随机分成3组(地高辛组、倍他乐克组、维拉帕米组),观察3组静息及运动后的心室率。