Method: A descriptive correlational design was used in the study.And a convenience sampling was used to recruit 85 elder people aged 60 and above, living in the community of Shanghai.

• 研究方法：本研究采用描述性相关性研究的设计，运用方便抽样的方法抽取85名60周岁以上的老年人，由研究者对其进行问卷调查。