Metal debris has been found in the paraspinal soft tissues of patients with a variety of spinal instrumentation,which mainly include the rusty iron,the black chromium and the ultra-thin titanin.

• 在脊柱旁的软组织内发现了金属颗粒碎片，主要为含铁的铁锈色颗粒，含铬的黑色颗粒和含钛的超细碎屑，这些碎片可导致一系列临床不良反应，如迟发性手术部位疼痛、骨质溶解。