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- Marmota menzbierin. 明氏旱獭
- A common burrowing rodent(Marmota monax) of northern and eastern North America, having a short-legged, heavy-set body and grizzled brownish fur. 北美土拨鼠，美洲旱獭北美北部和东部的一种普通的穴居啮齿类动物（北美土拨鼠），有短腿、健壮的身体和灰棕色的皮毛
- Tetraogallus wild animals, blue horse chicken, red deer,shi yang , lynx, Marmota, such as musk deer. 野生动物有雪鸡、蓝马鸡、马鹿、石羊、猞猁、旱獭、麝等。
- A common burrowing rodent(Marmota monax)of northern and eastern North America, having a short - legged, heavy - set body and grizzled brownish fur. 北美土拨鼠，美洲旱獭北美北部和东部的一种普通的穴居啮齿类动物（北美土拨鼠），有短腿、健壮的身体和灰棕色的皮毛
- A common burrowing rodent(Marmota monax)of northern and eastern North America,having a short - legged,heavy - set body and grizzled brownish fur. 北美土拨鼠，美洲旱獭北美北部和东部的一种普通的穴居啮齿类动物(北美土拨鼠)，有短腿、健壮的身体和灰棕色的皮毛
- The virulence detecting results of 383 Y. pestis strains from Qinghai Marmota himalayana natural focus were analysed in this paper. 本文对青海省喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫自然疫源地内的383株鼠疫菌的毒力测定结果进行了分析。
- Any of various stocky,coarse-furred,burrowing rodents of the genus Marmota,having short legs and ears and short bushy tails and found throughout the Northern Hemisphere. 土拨鼠，一种土拨鼠属的粗胖的、皮毛粗糙的穴居啮齿动物，生有短腿短耳，尾短而多毛，广泛分布于北半球。
- Any of various stocky, coarse - furred, burrowing rodents of the genus Marmota, having short legs and ears and short bushy tails and found throughout the Northern Hemisphere. 土拨鼠任一种土拨鼠属的粗胖的、皮毛粗糙的穴居啮齿动物，生有短腿短耳，尾短而多毛，广泛分布于北半球
- Any of various stocky, coarse-furred, burrowing rodents of the genus Marmota, having short legs and ears and short bushy tails and found throughout the Northern Hemisphere. 土拨鼠任一种土拨鼠属的粗胖的、皮毛粗糙的穴居啮齿动物，生有短腿短耳，尾短而多毛，广泛分布于北半球
- Any of various stocky,coarse - furred,burrowing rodents of the genus Marmota,having short legs and ears and short bushy tails and found throughout the Northern Hemisphere. 土豚，非洲食蚁兽一种生长于南非的穴居哺乳动物（非洲土豚土豚属），身体粗壮且多毛，大耳朵，长有管状的鼻子和用来挖洞的强有力的爪子
- Marmota himalayana acted as major infectious reservoir for up to 73.5% of the first case, artiodactyls and carnivora that could transmit plague in human comprised 15.66%. 青海省首发人间鼠疫病例的主要传染源为喜马拉雅旱獭 ;占 73.;7%25 ; 偶蹄类和食肉类动物占 16
- Conclusion Mus musculus,Rattus norvegicus and lepus capensis were extensively distributed in Qinghai.Marmota baibacina and Marmota himalayana were distributed in most areas of Qinghai. 结论小家鼠、褐家鼠、草兔在青海省分布广泛,灰旱獭与喜马拉雅旱獭在全省大部分地区均有分布。
- The principal source of infection were Marmota himalayana(72. 72%)and,Ovis aries(18. 18%)infected with causative a-gent of plague,while contacting with infected animals directly was the main route. 传染源主要是染疫喜马拉雅旱獭（Marmzotahimalayana），占72.;72%25，藏系绵羊（ovisaries），占18。 18%25；
- Conclusion The occurent human platue which occurred in Zhangye area was caused as patients directly got in touch with Marmota hemanayana of catching illnesses in Marmota plague focus. 结论张掖地区人类鼠疫的发生都是由于患者在旱獭鼠疫疫源地内直接接触染疫的旱獭所致。
- Human flea Pulex Irritans grey marmot (Marmota baibacina) strain was experimentally infected with virulent Y. pestis 883, with infection rates of 58% for female and 51% for male fleas. 用鼠疫菌强毒株883号实现了对人蚤灰旱獭株的鼠疫苗感染,其感染率,雌性为58%25,雄性为51%25。
- Recently years the human plague enters relatively enlivening phase in plague natural focus of marmota himalayana in northwest China, the case of human plague almost has occurring in every year. 摘要近年来，我国西北地区喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫自然疫源地进入相对活跃期，人间鼠疫几乎每年都有发生。
- However, plague was not transmitted when healthy young Marmota baibacina were bitten by the infected fleas, indicating that human flea grey marmot strain played a minor role in the spread of plague. 用大数量感染的人蚤灰旱獭株(分别为265只、102只)对健康幼獭叮咬,未出现鼠疫的传播,表明人蚤灰旱獭株感染蚤的鼠疫媒介能力甚低。
- Keywords Marmota;Hepatitis B virus;DNA;viral; 旱獭属;肝炎病毒;乙型;DNA;病毒;
- Ecological Observation of Marmota himalayana in Hibernation Period 喜马拉雅旱獭冬眠期生态观察
- Effects of Epoxy Ethane Fumigating on Marmota's Skins and Hairs 旱獭皮环氧乙烷熏蒸效果观察
