Many people with conditions that might stigmatize them, such as a history of substance abuse, might delay or forgo treatment.Such a result could be disastrous for individuals and for public health.

• 许多人担心自己的病症会影响名声（像是药物滥用）而延误或放弃就诊，这样的情形对个人与公共卫生都是有害的。