Magnetic resonance imaging, transcranial Doppler, echocardiography, 24-hour electrocardiographic monitoring and electrophysiological study are tools for detecting cardioembolic sources.

• 核磁共振、穿颅都卜勒、心脏超音波、24小时心电图及电气生理学检查可协助辨认心因性栓塞之来源。