MAPK cascade activated by some factors is the important step of the cell signal transduction pathways in the effects of ouabain on the proliferation of smooth muscle cells.

• 多种因子激活丝裂酶原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase，MAPK)级联系统是已知的EO刺激平滑肌细胞增殖的信号转导通路中重要环节。