Likewise in the east were the Seljuk Turks who had infiltrated from their Central Asian homeland into the Islamic Empire where they were employed as mercenaries by the Baghdad caliphs.

• 同样,在东方是塞尔柱突厥人,他们从家乡中亚进入伊斯兰教帝国;在那里被巴格达哈里发雇为雇佣军。