Just such a model was formulated in 1933 by Abb Georges Lema tre, independently rediscovered a year later by Richard Tolman and further developed after World War II by Hermann Bondi.

• 而这样一个模型早在1933年就被AbbGeorgesLematre构想出来了，一年之后RichardTolman又独立发现这一模型，二战之后HermannBondi完善了这一模型。