It was negatively correlated with positive rearing pattern (affectional warm, understanding) (P > 0.01), but positively correlated with negative rearing pattern (punishment, firm control, excessive interference, partialism or rejection, and denial).

• 与积极的教育方式(情感温暖、理解)呈负相关；(P 均>0.；01); 与消极的教育方式(惩罚、严厉、过分干涉、偏爱及拒绝、否认等)呈正相关;